Management of rubber plantations before yielding.

Maintenance rubber from the first day we were done until the day that we'll be screaming it takes 6 years to 6 years which is long enough at a cost, but we can make money. from the area in plantation crops as well, with Sam, the market needs and the many issues we need to make the best deal. Therefore, the management each year. Until last year, will open the rubber tree.

Rubber Plantation Management

When the rubber with a variety of tires to suit the weather conditions in the local area, the location is ideal for the growth of rubber trees, then the next step would be the maintenance or manipulation of the rubber trees grow beautifully in the work. the key is to control, weeding, fertilizing and maintenance, pruning. And guard against disease and insect pests of the rubber. The plantation has a slit open to remove the latex produced within a reasonable period of time. Generally, it takes about 6 years to 6 years when the rubber yield. We will do as long as possible to rubber, latex is the greatest. The cost or low cost.



From: http://live-rubber.com

Guidelines for rehabilitation of rubber plantations have been damaged by floods.

Floods, the farmers, rubber, and floods have always found a sudden and rapid decline of water and flooding conditions for a long time. That these events are not causing damage to the rubber. In some cases the damage can be modified to mitigate losses to some severe damage to the tires need to overthrow the new planting. These are farmers, but the rubber has been lost.
Natural rubber plants are resistant state of water for long enough (about 2 weeks to 2 months), depending on the age of rubber trees, level and length of the water that flooded over to find that in the flood. The concentration of oxygen gas trapped in the soil below. This will cause the rubber roots and microorganisms in the soil lacks oxygen gas to be used in breathing. And the balance of substances such as iron, aluminum, some changes were more toxic to the rubber trees. And sometimes cause loss of plant nutrients from the soil. Is a direct impact on the rubber tree trunk in the stunted scrub and bush, pale yellow. Similar to nitrogen deficiency Jane. Sometimes found in dry, dead-end. Some areas, even the rubber will last up to 10 years to be cut because of the very small. for the rubber, the rubber is less than 4 years of high floods imprisoned not more than 50-10 days. rubber over the age of 5 years will be more resistant to flooding conditions. The rubber trees showing symptoms of yellow hair and root rot, especially the root hairs, which serves to absorb water and nutrients in the soil, the fungus may attack the roots and the tree or in a wound to the body. growth of rubber trees. If severe, can cause the rubber die. The water level is also important. If high water levels from 0.5 to 1.0 meters, although this is only a short period of time people will just one day. May cause damage to the rubber. In particular, flooded the front panel. The fungus is easily destroyed. Because rubber is a rubber hand wound. Fungal infection can cause the front panel or front panel, black rot in time they should stop rubber. Apply paint and chemicals, may redeem the United Kingdom. All consecutive weeks until it disappears. In addition. Conditions in the rain for several days or flooded soil weakening, especially around the base of the tires it was not subversive. Or rubber cases, but the wind or rain storms. The portion of the limb. My tire was torn down. Have fallen into some trees. It is like a domino falling and the farmers should be noted that only some rubber down. Due to the vents to blow through the cycle every 5-10 years should avoid the cultivation of rubber and the cultivation of other crops are short-lived plants that are resistant to wind, but if the tires fall over a wide area and never happened before, such as natural disasters are difficult to avoid it.

Guidelines for rehabilitation of rubber plantations have been damaged by floods.

Up survey of the rubber to decide how to deal with the rubber. To overthrow the new or modified plant and maintain the plantations. If the tire has been damaged more than 50% of the cultivated rubber tree plantation of 76 trees to be 50% of the amount of rubber remaining 38 trees / ha or rubber 10 rai of rubber remaining, only 380 trees would have to consider. rubber trees that survived the contiguous or fragmented and converted. Which affect the performance of maintenance. Whether it's weed. Or rubber in which the panel will have to walk farther than the rubber one. And rubber trees would have fallen under it. The rubber-mounted to the hole like a large bush so thick and heavy, easily toppled. Just because the soil is wet or stormy, just a light touch by rubber around the windshield to help each other.
Maintenance of planting a dead rubber plantations aged 1-2 years, only grown older, this should not be repaired. The rubber tree growing behind the other side because it is the struggle for light, water and food, however, if repeated flooding may cause the rubber ages 1-2 years, death.
Plantations that are still flooded. Immediately after draining out of the garden by digging a channel between the tires. Only a small labor and equipment only. Do not use heavy machinery to dig the channel. The soil structure is not tight enough. Soil structure can cause damage and affect the root system. The rubber is extremely hazardous.
To trim the branches and canopy of rubber trees. The tear damage. Branches should be cut out to decorate the incision and cut out the damaged branches. And while the pruning of the branches has to be balanced with the rest of the parts. To prevent the canopy of the remaining weight to one side. If the rubber is a little sore. The lime juice 1 to 1 ratio, soaked overnight or oil paint from the base of trees to a height of about 1 meter or if the wound is large or humid weather to the south, such as the use of chemicals, Ben Lethbridge. Apply adhesive to prevent fungal infection of the tissues.
At the end to one side of it. The curved stem is damaged because of the wind. The branch does not tear. Should be resolved by trimming the branches that are hard to one side out. If at the end should be used to fasten rope, rubber or wood bracing to keep the trunk upright and careful not to tie the anchor rope from the bark rubber traction tires. Should use some material such as rubber in a bicycle wheel with a rubber pad between the ropes.

The tire failure is a plane parallel to the ground. The root of tire failure and possible damage. Although the rubber will not stand again. The roots of the roots are torn and damaged Rak Kaew. Sometimes the access point or base of the neck was broken or a wound Rak Kaew. In a small rubber age 4-5 years should be some pruning to maintain the balance of the canopy and transpiration of the rubber. The rubber over the age of 5 years to cut twigs and leaves, he is above about 0.5 to 1.0 meters, then raised to the upright by wooden bracing. I keep waiting to change wood bracing to decay away. After all, if the tires fail again. Most of the tires tend to die at the same time picking up the tires if the tire is not small, it may recover back. But the big tires. It takes several years to recover, however, that the tapping rubber trees and rubber trees that are raised upright. The tires are showing signs of bark, bark, dried latex and can not harvest it. The food from photosynthesis is used in the reconstruction. Repair and strengthening of its growth, rather than a latex. Where the rubber is an advantage not to leave the area around the tire, the rest is empty space, and farmers may have income from the sale of rubber, however, the rubber should not do so within 3 -. 5 days if left longer the tire should turn yellow and fall, making the tires too shabby. The farmers should be cut in the rubber plantations and rubber tires have some time to recover from and prevent the trampling of soil and the root rubber restoration of plantations have been affected due to flooding. Should drain away from the plantations as soon as possible. And let the soil dry and harden before then to work. To avoid damage to the root hairs, root, rubber growing up to be able to absorb food and water away from the tire. Do not add fertilizer as chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, manure and fertilizer in the water does not dry well. Because Jane elemental nitrogen in the form of nitrate and urea converted to nitrite. Cause toxicity to the rubber. The root of the lack of oxygen. To aggravate the rubber deteriorating due to severe flooding in addition to the slow recovery, latex rubber and may cause weakness, even to death. By the way Manure, while also adding some water. May be to promote the growth of microorganisms in the soil to breathe better, thus the lack of oxygen has the same root, the rubber, so farmers should not be fertilized immediately. The tires have to wait for recovery and strength, is the first thing to do. I put the fertilizer in the beginning of the rainy season next year.




Journal of rubber at 31 to October 4 - December 2553 by the Rubber Research Institute of the Rubber Research Arak Tung Chan, Surat Thani.

From: http://live-rubber.com/

To prepare a rubber plantation.

Rubber planting hole will generally have a length x width x depth equal to 50 x 50 x 50 cm pits were excavated soil should separate the top and bottom soil in different parts. Dry soil, leave it on for 10-15 days, then crumble and mix the soil, fertilizer, rock phosphate per 170 g per hole.

The History of Thai Rubber

Rubber into Thailand rubber tree

was planted in the country. Since the name "Siam" is that it is the latter period of 2425, which was expanded from the seeds they plant 22 trees to plant rubber in the countries of Asia. The evidence is clear that since 2442 the prince made ​​Ratsadanupradit Mahisorn loyalty (neck Sim Bee Na Ranong) is the same one. "Father of the tires," who had planted rubber trees on the province's first Kantang == then. Prince Ratsadanupradit invention. Sent to a rubber plantation to teach the people. Your students that they are all true and the village was the ruler of sheriff. At the same time he ordered the village headman of the tires were distributed. And encourage farmers to grow online. Which at that time. It can be said that the rush of rubber and was the rubber that it "rubber Tesa" Later, people used to grow the plantations more and the expansion of plantation rubber in the southern provinces of 14 provinces =. = from Chumphon to the provinces that border Malaysia.

To date, Thailand has a land area of ​​about 12 million hectares of rubber and are scattered in the South East and Northeast, a new rubber plantation development of the country's rubber industry. Has continued to make progress in a country that most tire manufacturers and exporters in the world.

Every time the government has focused on developing a rubber throughout. Has set up agencies responsible for research, development and technology transfer. Including grant aid for planting rubber varieties.

Rubber plants.

1. A species - high yield - good growth - are appropriate for the area - in areas where the disease has a very serious problem.

2. Cultivars recommended tires. Rubber were introduced as recommended by the Department of Agriculture in 2546 with three groups recommended a variety of rubber in each group are as follows.

Group 1 varieties of rubber latex, a high-yield varieties. Rubber Research Institute 251, Rubber Research Institute 226, BPM 24, RRIM 600.

Rubber Research Institute of 251 (RRIT 251).

- 10-year average yield of 457 kg dry rubber per hectare per year. The new rubber yield of 317 kg per hectare per year.

- The growth medium. The shell was thick and regenerate a new medium. Both in the pre-cut and cross cut. Defoliation was relatively slow and deciduous. The color of the latex and raw, with a white sheet.

- Always use a tree trunk and a half every other day.

- Good resistance to leaf disease black lines caused by falling Echืgaaฟ in a master mold mildew powdery mildew and bacterial pustule, medium pink. There was a small amount of dried fruit. Eye moderate wind resistance.

- Not recommended for planting in the slope. Areas with shallow soil. And areas with high groundwater levels.

BPM the twenty-fourth. - average yield of 312 kg per hectare per year. Increased slightly when using a chemical catalyst solution.

- The growth medium. The shell is very thick. Moderately thick shell regeneration.

- Always use a tree trunk and a half every other day if the tree frequently. The rubber shell when it dries up.

- A disease caused by falling ktop Tony's very good. Resistance, cattle, and a black line. Resistance to powdery mildew and bacterial pustule disease in a medium pink. There are a number of shells from dry to medium, medium resistance to wind.

- Grown in areas of steep slope. Areas with shallow soil. Areas with high groundwater levels. And areas with high humidity.

- Note: In light of the rubber tree trunk and branches with a small number of lesions latex flow. This will disappear in a later stage. Rubber Research Institute of 226 (RRIT 226).

- 8-year yields average 346 kg per hectare per year cut.

- The growth phase before the slit and the slit medium Uniformity of size of the trunk and into the medium.

- Use the cut stems every other day during the battle.

- Resistance to leaf loss caused by mold and disease ktop's a black line. Resistance to mildew and bacterial pustule, medium pink. And susceptible to powdery mildew.

- Grown in areas of steep slopes and areas with high humidity. Not recommended for planting in areas that have land and shallow groundwater levels are high.

RRIM the 600th. - average yield of 289 kg per hectare per year. Increased moderately when using chemicals, rubber accelerators. Produced a significant decrease in the deciduous in dry areas.

- The growth medium. The original shell. Medium thick peel and regenerate.

- Always use a tree trunk and a half every other day.

- Resistance to powdery mildew and moderately susceptible to leaf spot disease in pink Susceptible to leaf loss caused by the fungus and the disease's desktop black line. There was a small amount of dried fruit. Moderate resistance to wind.

- Grown in areas of steep slopes is not recommended for planting in areas with shallow soil. And areas with high groundwater levels.

- Note: Do not plant in areas with light leaf fall in a master mold and disease outbreaks, severe black line.

Group 2 varieties of rubber latex yields and high grain varieties PB 235, PB 255, PB 260, RRIC 110.

PB 235.

- The pre-cut growth, very good. The panel quickly. Uniformity of size of the trunk and convert it. A number of trees are cut open. Distance between tree growth medium.

- The soft rubber, the king soon. King is a lot smaller. And gradually branched off the bottom. At the age of the remaining medium-sized tree 4-5 in the high branches. There are quite a few bushes and leaves. As large as the round canopy.

- Start slowly and gradually deciduous deciduous.

- The thickness of the shell, medium Regenerate the skin.

- Tree trunks and a half every other day.

- Latex 10-year yields average 330 kg per hectare per year cut. RRIM 60 species of higher plants in plots with 37 percent, a slight increase productivity and accelerate the use of latex. The yield fell moderately defoliated.

- Production of wood over the age of 6, 15 and 20 years to produce meat, not the trunk, 0.10, 0.30 and 0.41 cubic meters per plant were 6.75, 22.34 and 28.09 cubic meters per hectare, respectively.

- A disease caused by falling ktop Master's medium Susceptible to powdery mildew and bacterial pustule.

- Moderately resistant black line. Good resistance to mildew and pink.

- There are a number of rubber shell with a rather dry.

- To withstand moderate winds.

- Not recommended for planting in the slope. Areas with shallow soil. And areas with high groundwater levels.

- Note: Rubber plants are growing very well. The faster the tree canopy should be planted in between the large, less than 3 meters.

- Limitations: Not recommended to cut frequencies that have cut contact with the rubber will cause very dry skin.

PB 255.

- The tree grows well before opening. Uniformity of size of the trunk and into the medium. Distance between tree growth medium.

- Many small branches from the dense bush. Bush is a medium sized round

- Relatively slow start to shed leaves.

- Original shell thickness and shell regeneration.

- Always use a tree trunk and a half every other day.

- Latex 10-year yields average 318 kg per hectare per year cut. RRIM 600 were higher than those grown in plots with 46 percent a moderate increase productivity when using chemicals, rubber accelerators. The yield fell moderately defoliated.

- Production of wood over the age of 6, 15 and 20 years to produce wood of the trunk, 0.10, 0.28 and 0.39 cubic meters per plant were 6.26, 21.57 and 27.24 cubic meters per hectare, respectively.

- Susceptible to leaf disease caused by falling ktop master mold. Pink mildew and bacterial pustule. Moderate resistance to powdery mildew and black line disease.

- There are a number of rubber shell with a dry medium.

- Good resistance to wind.

- Grown in areas of steep slope. Areas with shallow soil and areas with high groundwater.

- Limitations: Not recommended to cut the frequency scream consecutive days. The rubber will cause very dry skin.

PB 260.

- The tree grows well before opening. Uniformity of size of the trunk and convert it. A number of trees are cut open. Distance between tree growth medium.

- Unbranched or branched, each branch will have a moderate and small twigs. Many layers. The dense bush in the middle age with a round canopy.

- Slow start to shed leaves.

- The thickness of the shell, medium Regenerate the skin.

- Always use a tree trunk and a half every other day.

- Latex 10-year yields average 322 kg per hectare per year cut. RRIM 600 were higher than those grown in plots with 32 percent a moderate increase productivity. When using chemicals, rubber accelerators. Stir in the fruit yields slightly lower.

- Office of the wood over the age of 6, 15 and 20 years to produce meat, not the trunk, 0.10, 0.26 and 0.36 per cubic meter, the U.S. is 6.85, 19.90 and 25.53 cubic meters per hectare, respectively.

- Moderately resistant to leaf disease caused by falling ktop master mold. Powdery mildew and bacterial pustule disease black line. Good resistance to disease in pink

- There are a number of rubber shell with a rather dry.

- Good resistance to wind.

- Grown in areas of steep slope. Areas with shallow soil. And areas with high groundwater RRIC 110.

- The pre-cut growth, very good. The panel quickly. The size and uniformity of the trunk and convert it. A large number of trees cut on the distance between tree growth medium.

- Large tree branches were high off the branches below the canopy of old tires is a big blow.

- Slow start to shed leaves.

- The bark and bark to regenerate some

- Always use a tree trunk and a half every other day.

- Latex 10-year yields average 324 kg per hectare per year cut. RRIM 600 were higher than those grown in soil with a moderate 27 percent productivity increase. When using chemicals, rubber accelerators. The yield decreased slightly deciduous.

- Production of wood over the age of 20 years, yielding 6.15 and stem wood of 0.10, 0.29 and 0.40 cubic meters per plant were 6.44, 21.86 and 27.55 cubic meters per hectare, respectively.

- A disease caused by falling ktop Tony's good. Resistance to powdery mildew and bacterial pustule disease in a black and pink, moderate disease.

- There are a number of rubber shell with a dry medium.

- To withstand moderate winds.

- Not recommended for planting in areas with steep slopes, shallow soil. And areas with high groundwater levels.

- Note: when used to make latex rubber, raw. The color is quite dark.

Group 3: species of wood, rubber, high yielding varieties Chachoengsao 50, AVPOS 2037, BPM 1.

Chachoengsao 50 (RRIT 402).

- The growth of the stem. Very good growth with a 6-year-old rubber band around the stem, 51.6 cm.

- To the branch and canopy. Bush is quite large. The branching equilibrium. The branching is high. The shape of the trunk.

- The deciduous leaves begin to turn faster.

- 6-year-old rubber tree wood production to produce meat, not the stems straight.

- The deciduous leaves begin to turn faster.

- Production of 6-year-old rubber tree wood and stem yield per plant, equivalent to 0.11 cubic meters, 7.76 cubic meters per hectare.

- A disease that is caused by Erew ktop moderate degree of resistance in powdery mildew and moderately good resistance to leaf spot disease.

- Growth, good rubber, age 6, 15 and 20 years with a trunk circumference of 50.3, 78.5 and 87.3 cm respectively.

- Resolution of a rubber tree and bush in the last few years, many small branches, leaves, dense branching bush, leaving a balance is relatively small twigs on the branches of large old tree 1-2 gives a high level. G airy canopy shape with rounded stems.

- The deciduous leaves begin to turn faster.

- Production of wood from old tires and 20-year yield 6.15 parts of the stem wood 03:10, 0.31, and 0.43 cubic meters per plant were 7.22, 23.07 and 28.90 cubic meters per hectare, respectively.

- Susceptible to defoliation caused moderate resistance in ktop Tony and resistance to powdery mildew is a fungal disease, bacterial pustule and pink.

- Good resistance to wind.

- Not recommended for planting in the slope. Areas with shallow soil and groundwater with high BPM 1.

- The growth was very good tires, age 6, 15 and 20 years with a trunk circumference of 50.1,78.1 and 86.9 cm respectively.

- The younger the tree branch with many small low-branching and a balanced canopy cone. The medium. Bush made clear at a high level.

- The deciduous leaves begin to turn faster.

- Production of wood, rubber, age 6, 15 and 20 to yield the stem wood of 0.10, 0.31 and 0.43 cubic meters per plant were 7.12, 22.91 and 28.73 cubic meters per hectare, respectively.

- Good resistance to leaf disease caused by falling ktop master mold. And moderately resistant to powdery mildew. Pink mildew and bacterial pustule.

- Good resistance to wind.

- Planting a slope. Areas with shallow soil and areas with high groundwater.


From: Panyathai.com